Abstract
The design of a water distribution network [AS77] involves identifying the optimal pipe network, the head pressures of the individual supply and demand nodes, and the flows between the nodes, including both the amount and the direction of flow. The objective is to find the minimum cost network which meets the demands specified. Despite the objective function often being simple, consisting of a linear combination of pipe diameters and lengths, the water distribution network design problem poses challenges for optimization tools due to the tight nonlinear constraints imposed by the modelling of the relationship between node heads, water flow in a pipe, and the pipe diameter.
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