Abstract
The COVID-19 health and economic crisis has affected all areas of social life globally, including the economy. The world economy has declined due to purchasing power for individuals who have been forced to stay at home and cannot perform work. These restrictions to prevent the spread of SARS-Cov-2 have led to an increase in electronic commerce and mobile commerce as tools for procuring goods and services. In this paper, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of mobile commerce as an essential electronic commerce component, establishing the main drivers of mobile commerce and the intensity of their influences. The research focuses on mobile commerce in the United States (U.S.). It covers the period 2010–2020, the last year of this period capturing the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce). In the macroeconomic analysis of competitiveness, we established the main drivers of m-commerce, using artificial neural networks and the mediation effects found between the variables that describe m-commerce, e-commerce, and total sales, using structural equation modeling. The research results indicate an increase in the share of e-commerce in total sales and a predominance of the m-commerce share in e-commerce on the background of traffic restrictions and social distance rules imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Stakeholders in the m-commerce area should consider the following enhancing drivers: increasing internet speed, expanding 5G and Wi-Fi networks, and increasing accessibility and trust in mobile devices and applications.
Highlights
Today, trade is going through an unprecedented stage of dynamism and innovation.Technological leaps increase productivity and facilitate the sales process
According to [2], the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will lead to an increase in long-term mobile commerce, but some of the new consumers integrated into m-commerce will return to e-commerce or traditional trade
A second hypothesis (H2) concerns the influences established between m-commerce and its specific variables selected in the research: Mcomm supports a significant influence from the variables Ecomm and Sh.m_dev, and respectively, an average influence from the variables T.sales and Sh.i_use
Summary
Trade is going through an unprecedented stage of dynamism and innovation.Technological leaps increase productivity and facilitate the sales process. Consumer behavior and expectations evolve, which generates new business models that will profoundly influence commerce in general, especially e-commerce. E-commerce will reach USD 4.9 trillion in 2021, increasing by 14% compared to. PCs) and their ubiquity in the lives of individuals, mobile commerce (m-commerce) has distinguished itself as an additional sales channel. The social distancing rules established due to the COVID-19 pandemic have substantially changed sales business models, forcing several consumers, who would not usually use mcommerce, to turn to this channel [1,2]. According to [2], the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will lead to an increase in long-term mobile commerce, but some of the new consumers integrated into m-commerce will return to e-commerce or traditional trade (offline). A lot of studies can be found in the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,10], where several uncertainties can be noted regarding the motivation of consumers to continue using mobile commerce, the advantages perceived by consumers in the use of mobile commerce, and the
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