Abstract
This study aimed to minimize energy losses in traditional distribution networks and microgrids through a network reconfiguration and phase balancing approach. To address this problem, an algorithm composed of a multi-objective function and operation constraints is proposed. Network connection matrices based on graph theory and the backward/forward sweep method are used to analyze power flow. A minimizing energy loss approach is developed for network reconfiguration and phase balancing, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is adopted to solve this optimal combination problem. The proposed approach is tested on the IEEE 37-bus test system and the first outdoor microgrid test bed established by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) in Taiwan. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed two-stage approach can be applied in network reconfiguration to minimize energy loss.
Highlights
The major function of traditional passive distribution networks is to distribute electrical power to customers
The IEEE 37-bus test system and the microgrid of the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) in Taiwan were used as sample systems to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach
A two-stage optimal approach, which is composed of network reconfiguration and phase balancing algorithms that applies a graph theory-based power flow solution technique, has been developed in this study
Summary
The major function of traditional passive distribution networks is to distribute electrical power to customers. Because voltage levels in such networks are relatively lower and their total length is longer compared with transmission networks, reducing power losses in distribution networks is vital; the annual energy loss of the power system will be diminished. Many distribution energy resources (DERs) are connected to distribution networks. Microgrids can be operated under grid-tied and islanding modes through a static switch at the common coupling point between the main power grid and the microgrid [4]. In the grid-tied operation mode, the microgrid may act as a load or source at any time in terms of the main power grid. The islanding operation mode must be operated autonomously based on the power balance principle to maintain constant voltage and frequency. Numerous renewable energy units are used in microgrids. Constructing microgrids in industrial parks, campuses, shopping malls, off-shore islands, and remote districts is worthwhile because of the all the aforementioned advantages
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