Abstract
A two-dimensional array system is described for pulse-echo studies of aberration correction. The transducer array is an 80×80 array with a center frequency of 3.0 MHz and a −6-dB bandwidth of 56%. At the center frequency, each element has a physical size of 1.04 wavelength and spacing of 1.2 wavelength. A multiplexer accesses any contiguous 128 elements for transmission and any contiguous 16 elements for simultaneous reception. Transmit electronics have independently programmable waveforms. Each receive channel includes a 20-MHz, 12-bit A/D converter, and a time varied gain programmable over 40 dB. Transmit and receive apertures up to the size of the array are formed synthetically. A method that iteratively predistorts transmit waveforms to produce a transmit focus compensated for aberration has been implemented. Point-spread functions have been measured for propagation through a water path and through a tissue-mimicking aberration path. Pulse-echo images have been formed through a water path, through a tissue-mimicking aberrator, and through the aberrator using aberration correction that consists of time-shift compensation in the transmit–receive aperture or backpropagation followed by time-shift compensation.The system is useful for pulse-echo measurements of aberration, development of adaptive focusing techniques, and formation of high-resolution ultrasonic images using aberration correction.
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