A “turn-on” fluorescence sensor for Pb2+ detection based on graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles

Abstract

Heavy metal, such as Pb2+, detection technologies are quite important in environment monitoring and human health protection. However, most existing technologies are often time consuming, expensive with sophisticated equipment, and requirement of complicated sample pre-treatment, which limit the useful range of real-time application. Here, we report the development of a “turn-on” fluorescence sensor for Pb2+ detection based on graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles. We achieved an extremely broad detection range of Pb2+ from 50nM to 4μM, with a detection limit of 16.7nM. This sensing system is highly sensitive and selective for determination of Pb2+. The proposed strategy is expected to provide considerable implication for other heavy metal, antigen, or DNAs by modifying sensing molecules, and fast examination in chemical and biological applications.