Abstract
Aerographite (AG) is a novel carbon-based material that exists as a self-supportive 3D network of interconnected hollow microtubules. It can be synthesized in a variety of architectures tailored by the growth conditions. This flexibility in creating structures presents interesting bioengineering possibilities such as the generation of an artificial extracellular matrix. Here we have explored the feasibility and potential of AG as a scaffold for 3D cell growth employing cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptides coupled to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated phospholipids for surface functionalization to promote specific adhesion of fibroblast cells. Successful growth and invasion of the bulk material was followed over a period of 4 days.
Highlights
D eveloping novel materials for tissue regeneration requires the consideration of principles of engineering and life sciences
The minimum pore size might be approximated by the diameter of cells in suspension, which depends on the cell type and varies broadly from 5 to 15 μm for fibroblasts of connective tissue up to 100−350 μm for bone.[10]
To mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) biochemically, cell-adhesive ligands, which are presented by the natural ECM in the form of fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin, have to be included in the scaffold design.[1]
Summary
D eveloping novel materials for tissue regeneration requires the consideration of principles of engineering and life sciences. We employed cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptides coupled to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated phospholipids to promote specific adhesion of REF52 fibroblast cells and followed cell growth and invasion into the bulk material over a period of 4 days.
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