Abstract
We propose a triple test to evaluate the usefulness of behavioral economics models for public health policy. Test 1 is whether the model provides reasonably new insights. Test 2 is on whether these have been properly applied to policy settings. Test 3 is whether they are corroborated by evidence. Where a test is not passed, this may point to directions for needed further research. We exemplify by considering the cases of social interactions models, self-control models and, in relation to health message framing, prospect theory; out of these, only a correctly applied prospect theory fully passes the tests at present.
Highlights
Behavioral economics (BE) has been seen as holding great promise in a range of policy applications, including that of improving health outcomes (Frank 2004; Zimmerman 2009; Loewenstein et al 2007, 2012; Barberis 2013)
We propose a triple test for whether a behavioral economic model is relevant for public health policy: Test 1: the model has to yield specific predictions relative to standard economic models or established psychological theories in terms of individual behaviors or reaction to incentives; Test 2: the model has to provide specific predictions regarding specific public health policies; Test 3: the model has to be appropriately validated by empirical evidence
We have proposed a triple test to evaluate the usefulness of BE models for public health policy
Summary
Behavioral economics (BE) has been seen as holding great promise in a range of policy applications, including that of improving health outcomes (Frank 2004; Zimmerman 2009; Loewenstein et al 2007, 2012; Barberis 2013). This promise has been recognized by policy- makers across a range of countries, including France (Ouillier and Sauneron 2010), the United States (Lott 2013) and the United Kingdom (Dolan et al 2010).
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