Abstract
In this paper, a triple band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (RDRA) designed using hybrid techniques for Long Term Evolution (LTE) applications is investigated and presented. The proposed MIMO antenna can transmit and receive data independently by covering LTE Band 8 at 0.9 GHz, LTE Band 3 at 1.8 GHz, and LTE Band 40 at 2.3 GHz. Hybrid technique is adopted in this design by combining a meander line antenna with an RDRA to realize multiband operation. Meander line antenna has been proposed over the long vertical microstrip feeding line at 0.9 GHz, to employ a size reduction in the antenna, while two modes of RDRA are applied in this design: $TE_{1\delta 1}^{y}$ mode at 1.8 GHz and $TE_{2\delta 1}^{y}$ mode at 2.3 GHz. The proposed MIMO antenna has been fabricated and experimentally tested. The measured impedance bandwidths ( $S_{11}$ <-10 dB) for the three stated bands are 4.40%, 11.36%, and 2.54% at Port 1, respectively and 5.47%, 10.54%, and 3.43% at Port 2, respectively. Measured isolations of −15.3 dB, −17.8 dB, and −47.0 dB are obtained at each described frequency, respectively. The performance of the proposed MIMO antenna is further validated using over-the-air LTE downlink throughput test. Throughputs of 93.16 Mbps, 93.01 Mbps, and 87.30 Mbps have been achieved for 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, and 2.3 GHz, respectively, using 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). In this regard, it is conceived that the proposed MIMO antenna can be a good candidate for LTE applications due to the validated excellent throughput performance.
Highlights
The present mobile communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE), is widely used in mobile devices such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets due to its high spectrum efficiency, high speed transmission, and high data rates [1]
The theoretical maximum and the actual average measured throughput of SISO and 2 × 2 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems for the three modulation schemes are obtained at each mentioned frequency using an over-the-air LTE downlink throughput test
All the results analyzed in this work clearly indicate that the proposed identical MIMO hybrid DRA is suitable for LTE applications due to its delivery of excellent throughput performance of the 2 × 2 MIMO system
Summary
The present mobile communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE), is widely used in mobile devices such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets due to its high spectrum efficiency, high speed transmission, and high data rates [1]. The perpendicular feeding ports can be fed by the same or different feeding techniques The former shows that an L-shaped DRA is excited by two symmetrical slots of equal dimensions coupled through microstrip feed lines in [9]. In [6], two DRAs that are excited by two coplanar waveguides (CPW), are compared in terms of the space between two elements of the antenna, and isolation for orthogonal and parallel configurations. A triple band rectangular DRA designed with two ports using hybrid technique for LTE applications is proposed.
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