Abstract
Zinc–air batteries (ZABs), which employ oxygen from air for the reduction reaction or discharging, have several benefits, such as high energy density, operational safety, environmental compatibility and low cost. Primary ZABs are a mature technology; however, rechargeable battery design and structure need to be optimized to achieve better cycle life. Two different configurations for a tri-electrode, rechargeable battery with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been developed in this work; i.e., a planar cell and a sandwich cell. Charge-discharge cycling tests at 5 mA-cm–2 show that the sandwich cell is more suitable for ZABs than the planar cell. Various additives for the PAA, such as cross linking agents and ZnO, have also been evaluated using the tri-electrode design. The addition of ZnO to the oxygen reduction reaction side of the battery enhances the cycling performance of ZABs, i.e., the battery can withstand at least 100 cycles at 5 mA cm–2 with initial efficiency of 62%.
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