Abstract
The significance of modern power grids is acknowledged every time there is a major threat. This paper proposes the novel approaches to aid power system planner to improve power grid resilience by making appropriate hardening strategies against man-made attack or natural hazards. The vulnerability indices are introduced, which return the most vulnerable component in the system based on a tri-level defender-attacker-operator (DAO) interdiction problem which solves iteratively. The output of DAO is the set of hardening strategies that optimally allocated along the network to mitigate the impact of the worst-case damages. By repeating DAO problem based on the proposed algorithm, the various crafted attack is imposed on the system, and the defender’s behavior demonstrates how an element is vulnerable to threats. The WSCC 9-bus, IEEE 24-bus, and IEEE 118-bus systems are employed to evaluate the model performance. The counter-intuitive results are proven by the proposed robust hardening strategy, which shows how the hardening strategy should be allocated to improve power network resilience against threats.
Highlights
Among the critical and extraordinarily complex infrastructure, the significance of the electric power grid is acknowledged every time there is a cyber/physical attack or a severe natural hazard
This paper proposes novel approaches to assist network planner to improve power grid’s resilience
While cyber and physical hazards are among the serious threats to the modern power networks, the effect of a man-made attack or Mother Nature’s risk can be mitigated through preventive hardening strategies
Summary
Among the critical and extraordinarily complex infrastructure, the significance of the electric power grid is acknowledged every time there is a cyber/physical attack or a severe natural hazard. While the majority of the current techniques evaluate the resilience of power networks as a whole, we propose a novel quantitative approach to obtain vulnerability indices of power system components through a multi-level gametheoretic interedition problem To this end, a game between attacker, defender, and system operator is established, where each party seeks to maximize its own interest. The prominent contributions of this paper are: À develop and solve a comprehensive tri-level MILP interdiction optimization model in power networks; ` perform a wide range of case studies in different test case systems; ́ find the robust defending strategy to design a resilient power network; ˆ propose new vulnerability indices and ranking vulnerable elements in power grid.
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