Abstract
Highly skilled manpower is critical for sustainable socio-economic development. However, participation in higher education in Africa continues to be the lowest in the world. Even though some contact universities have adopted the dual-mode strategy to expand access, they continue to enrol fewer students through their open and distance learning (ODL) component. A case study conducted at the University of Botswana to determine possible causes of continued low enrolment through ODL, together with a recent literature review, indicate that within dual-mode universities, ODL experiences challenges related to stigma, resources, planning, implementation and monitoring, resulting in slow growth and low impact. The paper recommends that dual-mode universities need to change their attitude towards their ODL strategy and invest more resources in its development. It also recommends enhancement of parity between ODL and face-to-face provision.
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