Abstract
This study aims to develop The Reform of the Physical Humanistic Education School (TROTPHES) model, which is a Technological Pedagogical content Knowledge (TPACK)-based character education program in Physical Education. To develop TROTPHES, a panel of experts was formed and conducted in-depth interviews and Delphi survey. Throughout the interviews and Delphi survey, primary characters and physical education lesson topics were identified. Preliminary TROTPHES model were introduced to 51 PE teachers who were selected by 17 cities and providences and local education offices across the country. Finally, two-leveled TROTPHES including four primary characters (sense of community, positive attitude, self-sacrifice, and confidence) were developed. Level 1 focuses teachers’ practice of classroom management, while Level 2 deals with teacher-student and student-student interactions based on instructional content. TROPTHES encompasses the content requiring intentional efforts from the basic character education in PE and is designed to be applicable to instructional plans in the form of a TPACK-based character education for PE.
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