Abstract

Energy plays an important role in human society. With the development of science and technology, the increasing demand for new energy like electric energy cannot be ignored. The battery is the key component of electric vehicles which are the centers of future development. Lithium-ion batteries have great advantages in electric vehicle applications for their excellent performance. We need to find ways to improve lithium-ion batteries to promote the development of electric vehicles fundamentally. The high specific energy, low self-discharge, good cycling performance, no memory effect, and other advantages lead to the excellent performance of lithium-ion batteries. This paper reviews the unique merits of lithium-ion batteries compared with other important battery technologies in electric vehicle application in three main aspects and describes some methods to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries by improving the anode, cathode, and electrolyte, respectively. For instance, we can use LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 (NCM) materials as cathode, silicon-based materials as anode with composite materials like FeOOH@rGO and SiNP@NC add more silicon in the composite anode structure and silicon nanowire anode to improve its mechanical stability. Also, with an example of their employment in the BMW i3 94 Ah vehicles, the application outlook of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and their development trend in the future have been prospected. Although electric vehicles are becoming the ideal next-generation vehicles with the increasing environmental friendliness, the battery technology, such as its safety problem and the manufacturing cost, etc., remains a big challenge in the development of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles.

Highlights

  • Layered metal oxidePDWHULDO WR EH FRPPHUFLDOL]HG ,W LV VWDEOH DQG HDV\ WR FUDIW 1L PDWHULDOV DUH PXFK FKHDSHU FRPSDUHG WR &R ZKLFK JLYHV /L1L2 DQ DGYDQWDJH RYHU /L&R2 %XW WKH\ DUH GLIILFXOW WR IDVKLRQ DQG XQVWDEOH ZKLFK PD\ FDXVH VDIHW\ LVVXHV /L0Q2 PDWHULDOV DUH ORZHU LQ FRVW DQG VDIHU LQ XVH EXW WKH\ DUH XQVWDEOH PDNLQJ WKHP GLIILFXOW WR UHF\FOH 7HUQDU\ R[LGHV HVSHFLDOO\ 1&0 PDWHULDOV DUH FRQVLGHUHG YHU\ SURPLVLQJ IRU WKHLU KLJK FDSDFLW\ ORZ FRVW DQG VDIHW\ >@ 7KH SURSHUWLHV RI WKLV W\SH RI PDWHULDO YDU\ JUHDWO\ DV LWV FRPSRVLWHV FKDQJH 7KH IXOOHU GHWDLOV ZLOO EH GLVFXVVHG ODWHU

  • Spinel materials/L0Q2 LV PRUH FRPPRQO\ XVHG DPRQJ VSLQHO PDWHULDOV EHFDXVH LW LV HDV\ WR FRPSRVH FKHDS DQG VDIH 7KRXJK LWV SHUIRUPDQFH DW URRP WHPSHUDWXUH LV JUHDW LWV SHUIRUPDQFH WHQGV WR IDOO RII DW KLJKHU WHPSHUDWXUHV 6XUIDFH PRGLILFDWLRQV ZLWK LRQV VXFK DV $O /L DQG 0J FRXOG ORZHU WKH GHQVLW\ RI 0Q LRQV DW WKH VXUIDFH WR SUHYHQW WKHP IURP UHDFWLQJ ZLWK WKH HOHFWURO\WH 'RSLQJ ZLWK 1L DOVR SHUIHFWV LWV SHUIRUPDQFH XQGHU KLJKHU SUHVVXUH DQG HQVXUHV KLJKHU HQHUJ\ GHQVLW\ >@

  • NCM materials$VLGH IURP WKH FRPPRQ SHUNV RI FDWKRGH PDWHULDOV VXFK DV KLJK FDSDFLW\ DQG VR RQ 1&0 PDWHULDOV¶ SURSHUWLHV FRXOG EH DGMXVWHG E\ FXVWRPL]LQJ LWV FRPSRVLWH HOHPHQWV 0RUH 1L ZRXOG UHVXOW LQ KLJKHU FDSDFLW\ EXW UHGXFHV VWDELOLW\ ,QFUHDVLQJ &R LQJUHGLHQWV ZRXOG SHUIHFW UDWH FDSDELOLW\ DQG UHGXFH SKDVH FKDQJH DQG PRUH 0Q FRXOG HQKDQFH RYHUDOO VWUXFWXUDO VWDELOLW\ EXW UHGXFHV FDSDFLW\ >@ 7KRXJK LW LV LPSRVVLEOH WR DWWXQH DOO WKHVH DVSHFWV WR WKHLU IXOOHVW H[WHQW ZH FRXOG DGMXVW LWV SURSHUWLHV UHOHYDQW WR WKH FXUUHQW VLWXDWLRQ.

Read more

Summary

Layered metal oxide

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

Spinel materials
NCM materials
RYHUDOO SHUIRUPDQFH
Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call