Abstract
Astrophysical point-like neutrino sources, like Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), are one of the main targets for neutrino telescopes, since they are among the best candidates for Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) acceleration. From the interaction between the accelerated protons and the intense radiation fields of the source jet, charged mesons are produced, which then decay into neutrinos. The methods and the results of a search for high-energy neutrinos in spatial and temporal correlation with the detected gamma-ray emission are presented for four bright GRBs observed between 2008 and 2013: a time-dependent analysis, optimised for each flare of the selected bursts, is performed to predict detailed neutrino spectra. The internal shock scenario of the fireball model is investigated, relying on the neutrino spectra computed through the numerical code NeuCosmA. The analysis is optimized on a per burst basis, through the maximization of the signal discovery probability. Since no events in ANTARES data passed the optimised cuts, 90% C.L. upper limits are derived on the expected neutrino fluences.
Highlights
The search for neutrinos from astrophysical sources is motivated by the still poor understanding of the origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR)
Astrophysical point-like neutrino sources, like Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), are one of the main targets for neutrino telescopes, since they are among the best candidates for Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) acceleration
In order to reduce the huge background of atmospheric muons, the search is performed by selecting up-going track-like Figure 1: An artistic picture of the underwater ANTARES events: GRBs from below ANTARES hori- neutrino telescope, located in the Mediterranean sea, offzon are considered in this search shore Toulon (Fr), at a depth of about 2474 m. for muon neutrinos
Summary
The search for neutrinos from astrophysical sources is motivated by the still poor understanding of the origin of UHECRs. GRBs are huge explosive phenomena, that offer a promising environment for proton and heavier nuclei acceleration at shock fronts.
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