A Ética dos Antigos e a Ética dos Modernos

Abstract

The aim of this essay is to critically compare ancient ethics with modern ethics, considering them both under one particular aspect, namely, the relationship between ethics and intelligence. In fact, one of the most significant differences between ancient and modern ethics is precisely the divergence in how this relationship is conceived. With this in mind, an appendix is added, dedicated to the philosophy of the 20th Century, the time when the modern conception reaches a crisis point. In the conclusion, I also intend to speak about Christian ethics, which, while not exactly a philosophical ethic, occupies its own peculiar place, so to speak, in the way the relationship between ethics and intelligence is conceived.