Abstract
Abstract The theory of internal nonlinear waves in a motionless medium is extended to waves in sheared flow to provide a basis for the interpretation of atmospheric solitary waves. It is shown that if the Scorer parameter is zero in a semi infinite upper region, the integro-differential equation [i.e., the Benjamin-Davis-Ono (BDO) equation] defining the evolution of nonlinear waves in sheared flow is independent of shear and stability in the upper layer. A new type of evolution model is presented, based on the numerical solution of the BDO equation, for the generation of solitary waves by a thunderstorm moving at supercritical speeds. The results of a thorough study of observations of a thunderstorm-generated solitary wave are presented in detail. These observations show that some of the storm's outflow, which was denser than the environment through which the wave propagated, was trapped in the interior of the wave. It is hypothesized that the Coriolis force then caused this denser air to flow along the a...
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