Abstract
In this paper, an integrated production-inventory model is presented for a supplier, manufacturer, and retailer supply chain under conditionally permissible delay in payments in uncertain environments. The supplier produces the item at a certain rate, which is a decision variable, and purchases the item to the manufacturer. The manufacturer has also purchased and produced the item in a finite rate. The manufacturer sells the product to the retailer and also gives the delay in payment to the retailer. The retailer purchases the item from the manufacture to sell it to the customers. Ideal costs of supplier, manufacturer, and retailer have been taken into account. An integrated model has been developed and solved analytically in crisp and uncertain environments, and finally, corresponding individual profits are calculated numerically and graphically.
Highlights
Chain management has taken a very important and critical role for any company in the increasing globalization and competition in the market
We developed for the first time a three-layer supply chain model under delay in payment in an uncertain environment
Assumptions The following assumptions are considered to develop the model: (i) Models are developed for single item product. (ii) Lead time is negligible. (iii) Joint effect of supplier, manufacturer, retailer is consider in a supply chain management. (iv) Supplier produced the item with constant rate unit per unit time, which is a decision variable. (v) Total production rate of manufacturer is equal to the demand rate of manufacturer. (vi) The manufacturer give the opportunity to the retailer conditionally permissible delay in payment. (vii) Idle cost of suppliers, manufacturer and retailer are assumed
Summary
Chain management has taken a very important and critical role for any company in the increasing globalization and competition in the market. Peidro et al [15] developed a fuzzy linear programming model for tactical supply chain planning in a multi-echelon, multi-product, multi-level, multi-period supply chain network in a fuzzy environment In this approach, the demand, process, and supply uncertainties are jointly considered. We developed for the first time a three-layer supply chain model under delay in payment in an uncertain environment. The proposed model considers a three-layer supply chain involving the supplier, manufacturer, and retailer who are responsible in transforming the raw materials into finished product and making them available to satisfy the customer’s demand time. Necessary knowledge about uncertain variables To better describe subjective imprecise quantity, Liu in [19] proposed an uncertain measure and further developed an uncertainty theory which is an axiomatic system of normality, monotonicity, self-duality, countable subadditivity and product measure.
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