Abstract
Background/Objectives: Based on the recent advances in the area of wireless networking, computing, and storage devices, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has emerged as an evolving and future-enabled technology in recent decades. The objective of the research work is to design, analyse, and evaluate the performance of A Three-Tier Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks. Methods/Statistical analysis: The proposed protocol is based on autonomous sensor nodes, distributed techniques on cluster development; cluster heads collected at random, multi-hop routing method, and transferring the data towards the base station used by the assistance of MDC maximum residual energy LEACH. Findings: WSN is used globally in different forms of networking technologies; these systems come with the ability to be applied worldwide at an unrivaled scale and to add a consistent viewpoint to production. Routing protocols in these networks act as middleware, which is responsible for enhancing the network performance with less energy consumption and the cluster-based routing protocol is a massive solution to improve node’s energy efficiency and reliability of data toward the base station. Moreover, the simulation results showed that the proposed protocol achieves not only better network lifetime and data reliability but also decreased energy dissipation of the sensor nodes when compared with prominent WSN cluster-based routing protocols. Novelty/Applications:The main outcomes of MDC maximum residual energy LEACH are: Minimize the energy consumption of sensor nodes, Enhance the overall network lifetime, Resolve communication (energy and routing) holes issues, Maintain data reliability, and finally reach tradeoff between energy efficiency and latency in terms of End-to-End and channel access delays. This proposed protocol has been substantially applicable in an extensive variety of environmental and civil surveillance applications. Keywords: Wireless sensor network; mobile data collector; three-tier architecture; data gathering method; cluster-based routing
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Network is an evolving network with the number of sensor nodes in a region for the sensing and transmitting of data from a given area to the base station or sink node
Arshad et al / Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2020;13(33):3409–3424 depletion in the current round. This issue occurs another time in each round, as the topology of the network varies due to the mobility of sensor nodes and cluster heads in each round is distinct from the round before, so the ultimate result is the network lifespan of this multi-hop routing protocol does not last long and data stability at the base station is not adequate
Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Hybrid multi-hop LEACH, and Mobile Data Collector (MDC) maximum residual energy LEACH protocol simulation parameters are based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) environmental applications
Summary
Wireless Sensor Network is an evolving network with the number of sensor nodes in a region for the sensing and transmitting of data from a given area to the base station or sink node. Mobile Data Collectors (MDC), or Sink Nodes find it very difficult to handle network topology maintenance. Mobile WSN can be categorized into flat, two-tier or, three-tier hierarchical architecture: the network architecture involves a collection of heterogeneous tools for ad hoc connectivity with the flat or level-like. These devices are fixed or mobile, all within the same network they need to communicate. In the three-tier architecture, a set of fixed sensor nodes transmits data to a set of mobile devices, which transmits data to one set of access points. The heterogeneous network is designed to span wide areas and to be compliant concurrently with many applications [7,8]
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