Abstract
We review some of the applications of submillimetre instruments for astronomy and Earth atmospheric sciences where helium sorption refrigerators have been used. We describe a three-stage helium refrigerator which uses a 4He– 3He double-stage refrigerator to precool and intercept the parasitic heatload on a final 3He single-stage refrigerator. This multi-stage configuration permits operation of the refrigerator system without externally pumping on a 4He bath. This results in simpler integration with the instrument and allows scientific observations to be more easily made. We have achieved a base temperature of 234 mK for a hold time of 20.4 h. The heat lift at 280 mK is 15 μW.
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