Abstract
Cd vapor pressures were determined over Cd–Nd samples by an isopiestic method. The measurements were carried out in the temperature range from about 690 to 1200 K and over a composition range between 48 and 92 at % Cd. From the vapor pressures, thermodynamic activities of Cd were derived for all samples at their respective sample temperatures, and partial molar enthalpies of Cd were obtained from the temperature dependence of the activities. With these partial molar enthalpies, the Cd activities were converted to a common temperature of 873 K. By means of a Gibbs–Duhem integration Nd activities and integral Gibbs energies were calculated, using a literature value of ΔfG for the phase Cd6Nd as integration constant. A minimum of ΔfG ≈ −38 kJ g-atom−1 at 873 K was obtained for the phase CdNd, a value that compares well with other CdRE compounds.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Nuclear energy is phased out in some countries many others still have to rely on nuclear power to provide the necessary electrical energy
Since the vapor pressure of Nd is several orders of magnitude lower compared to that of Cd it can be neglected, and it can be assumed that the total pressure in the system is due to Cd maintained at a constant temperature in the reservoir
When the final equilibrium is reached in an isopiestic experiment the partial pressure of Cd over each sample at its sample temperature the samples (TS), pCd(TS), is equal to the vapor pressure of pure Cd at the reservoir temperature TR; p0CdðTRÞ: pCdðTSÞ 1⁄4 p0CdðTRÞ
Summary
Nuclear energy is phased out in some countries many others still have to rely on nuclear power to provide the necessary electrical energy. By means of a Gibbs–Duhem integration Nd activities and integral Gibbs energies were calculated, using a literature value of DfG for the phase Cd6Nd as integration constant.
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