Abstract
Radar sea scatter at large incident angles (30 deg or greater) is investigated using a model which takes into account theoretically-calculated small- and large-scale wave perturbations as well as measured sea surface slope densities and sea spectra obtained from empirical observations. Effects of incident angle, polarization, frequency, wind speed and anisotropic characteristics of the sea surface may be studied by application of the model. In particular, it is found that the increase in backscattering coefficients with wind velocity is due primarily to the growth of the sea spectrum and secondarily to the interaction between small- and large-scale perturbations. Furthermore, differences in upwind and downwind observations may be attributed to anisotropic properties of the sea spectrum. Theoretical findings derived from the model are compared with experimental data, and good agreement is found.
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