A theory of nonlocal mixing-length convection. 2: Generalized smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations

Abstract

We simulate nonlocal mixing-length convection using a generalized smoothed particle hydrodynamics (GSPH) computer code developed especially for this problem. GSPH is a numerical representation of the Boltzmann transport picture of turbulent fluids which we developed in the first paper in this series, with each particle representing a fluid blob of some characteristic size of order the mixing length. The particle dynamics are governed by the same equations as in the earlier paper, and therefore the code simulates the same physical processes as in the earlier analytical work. The properties of the mean fluid at each point are defined by the mean of the local ensemble of particles, while the dynamics of individual particles is determined by these mean properties and by forces which arise because of velocity and temperature deviations of a fluid blob relative to the local background