Abstract
The post-cold war period is characterized by peace operations and negotiations, with increased size, number, and intensity of external interventions, particularly those sponsored by multilateral organizations. This article examines some factors that influence the demand for peacekeeping missions, i.e., conflict situations that invite third-party interventions, as well as the supply of peacekeeping, the ability and desire of states to intervene elsewhere through peacekeeping missions. On the demand side, a framework is developed that synthesizes the main obstacles to peacekeeping intervention, in particular the role of overconfidence, and explains how interpersonal preferences, such as the desire for vengeance, contribute to conflict escalation. On the supply side, the article explains some of the conditions determining countries' contribution to peace missions.
Highlights
On the demand side, to understand how to bring about peace, one has to understand how a war begins
Demand is viewed as conflict situations that invite third party intervention; supply refers to the ability and desire of states to intervene through peacekeeping missions
To understand the limitations of peacekeeping, and the obstacles to the demand for peacekeeping, the first part of this article focuses on wrong perceptions and malevolence, two neglected aspects in the literature on third party intervention
Summary
The post-cold war years have been marked by a variety of external interventions in civil conflicts. This article first further develops the theory of peacekeeping, and it argues that the interaction between the demand for peacekeeping, i.e., factors pertaining the nature of the conflict, and the supply of peacekeeping troops, i.e., the economic and political factors affecting states’ ability and willingness to contribute to peace operations, jointly determine the outcome of such operations. It is this interaction that needs to be explored to explain theoretically and empirically which factors and circumstances leads to peacekeeping success. The second part of this paper is on the supply side and attempts to capture some conditions determining countries’ contributions to peace missions
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