A ten-year retrospective study of Peste des petits Ruminantis (PPR) cases presented to the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom Plateau State, Nigeria

Ladi Amos CHABIRI,National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom Plateau State, Nigeria. ,Maryam MUHAMMAD,Israel Joshua BARDE,James Saidu AHMED,Asabe Adamu DZIKWI,Mayowa Peter OLABODE,Suleiman Ahmed HALADU,African Field Epidemiology Network, Katsina State, Nigeria. ,Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, University Of Jos, Nigeria. ,Usman Adamu RAYYANU

doi:10.31248/jasvm2023.407

Ladi Amos CHABIRI, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom Plateau State, Nigeria. + Show 9 more

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https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2023.407

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Abstract

Peste des petits ruminantis (PPR) is a severe, highly contagious disease of small ruminants, primarily sheep and goats caused by Peste des petits ruminant’s virus (PPRV). It is an important animal disease which now endangers the large populations of small ruminants in Africa, the Middle and Near East, Southwest and Central Asia. PPR is an important transboundary disease of small ruminants throughout Nigeria, it plays an important role in agricultural food production and in sustainable employment. This vaccine strain currently used for the control of PPR in Nigeria is revealed to be indeed the suitable one for use in Nigeria. A retrospective study was carried out to determine the epidemiology and distribution of PPR across Nigeria by looking at the seasonal trend of the disease between 2013-2022. All data on animal carcasses, blood/serum, and tissue samples suspected of PPR from 2013 to 2022 were retrieved from the archival records of the Central Diagnostic Division of NVRI, Vom, Nigeria. The date, location, species, sex, age, flock size, animals affected, mortality and test result were extracted and entered in an Excel file to generate frequency tables. From the year 2013 to 2022, a total of 600 PPR suspected cases were reported to NVRI Vom, out of which 206(34%) tested positive for PPRV. The result shows that the highest occurrence of PPR 55 (26.7) was recorded in the year 2022 and the least occurrence of 4(1.9) was recorded in the year 2018. The number of small ruminants affected within the period under review is around 15,623 while the mortality is around 3574 (22.9%). About 51.4% (109) was reported in Ovine while the remaining 48.6% (103) was in Caprine. A prevalence rate of 34% was reported in this study. This study further confirms the devastating effect of PPR disease, affecting sheep and goats, males and females of all ages. The results highlight the need to monitor the occurrence of PPR and to adopt a strategic vaccination campaign against PPR.

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