Abstract
Nutcracker phenomenon is a rare vascular disorder in which the left renal vein is compressed by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and abdominal aorta, accompanied by distention of the distal portion of the vein. The phenomenon is typically caused by a decreased aortomesenteric space due to weight loss or, rarely, external compression by various etiologies. Clinical manifestations are related to impaired blood outflow and are frequently nonspecific. Diagnosis can be difficult due to its rarity and lack of awareness of physicians.
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