Abstract
Microgrids are essential elements of the energy transition because they allow optimal use of renewable energy sources (photovoltaic panels, wind turbines) and storage devices (batteries, supercapacitors) by connecting them to consumption poles (e.g., buildings, charging stations of electric vehicles). Lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors are the main electrical storage devices usually used by microgrids for energy and power transient management. In the present paper, microgrid simulations have been performed. Electrothermal and aging models of storage components are presented. Strategies and scenarios for the batteries are presented either based on the state of charge limitation or hybrid association with supercapacitors. The contribution of this study is to provide a management strategy which considers the aging of storage systems in the real-time management of the microgrid in order to extend their life, while minimizing installation costs. The first approach for a techno-economic study provided in that study enables us to improve the strategies by optimizing the use of the battery. The results obtained in this paper demonstrate the key role of the techno-economic approach and knowledge of the aging processes of storage devices in improving the energy management and global feedback costs of microgrids. The simulation results show that battery life can be improved by 2.2 years. The improvement in battery life leads to a reduction in the total cost of the installation by reducing the cost of the batteries.
Highlights
The security and reliability of large-scale grids are becoming increasingly problematic due to profound changes in the sector such as market liberalization, increased interconnections, and economic and environmental constraints [1]
Strategies and scenarios for the batteries are presented either based on state of charge (SOC) limitation or hybrid association with SCs in order to extend their lifetime in a microgrid operation, while in the meantime searching for a method of minimizing the installation costs
Strategies and scenarios for the batteries are presented either based on SOC limitation or hybrid association with SCs in order to extend their lifetime in microgrid operation, while in the meantime searching for a method of minimizing the installation costs
Summary
The security and reliability of large-scale grids are becoming increasingly problematic due to profound changes in the sector such as market liberalization, increased interconnections, and economic and environmental constraints [1]. Lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) are the main electrical storage devices usually used in microgrids for energy and power transient management. In order to improve or reinforce management strategies, the knowledge of a techno-economic study among different operating cases for the storage components is mandatory. To achieve such techno-economic analysis, accurate models for the electrical storage components are first required. Results for the real-time management of microgrids is achieved by adapting aging models, outputs of the techno-economic study for the battery, and SCs towards real-time implementation. The modelling of the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) elements, composed by a lithium-ion battery and supercapacitors, is presented as well as the PV panels and the connection to the utility grid.
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