Abstract
Garcinia section Xanthochymus (Clusiaceae) is revised for Thailand with four native species, i.e., G. dulcis, G. nervosa, G. prainiana, and G. xanthochymus. All species are described with updated morphological descriptions, illustrations, and an identification key, together with notes on distributions, distribution maps, habitats and ecology, phenology, conservation assessments, etymology, vernacular names, uses, and specimens examined. Four taxa, G. andamanica, G. andamanica var. pubescens, G.cambodgiensis and G. vilersiana, are synonymized under G. dulcis, and two taxa, G.nervosa var. pubescens and G. spectabilis, are newly synonymized under G. nervosa. Nine names are lectotypified: G. dulcis and its associated synonyms (G. cambodgiensis and G. vilersiana), G. nervosa and its associated synonyms (G.andersonii, G. nervosa var. pubescens, and G. spectabilis), G. prainiana, and G.xanthochymus. All species have a conservation assessment of Least Concern (LC). The fruits of all species are edible and have a sour or sweet-sour taste.
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