Abstract
Abstract This article traces the appearance and frequency of use of the term biogen (vital force or life force) in the corpus of osteopathic literature from Andrew Taylor Still and the early days of the American School of Osteopathy (ASO) through the early 20th century to the 21st century. The meaning and use of biogen is placed within its historical context and contemporaneous philosophical influences are explored. Early definitions of osteopathy as both a bio-mechanical and a bio-energetic method of healing are revealed. The work of William Garner Sutherland is discussed in terms of his acceptance and use of bio-energetic terminology and concepts. The influence of Walter Russell on Sutherland’s work is also discussed. Still’s personal traits of imagination, memory and intuition are discussed as the foundation of his lived experience of osteopathy.
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