Abstract
One of the biggest issues facing the world now is the COVID-19 epidemic. Since there was neither a specific treatment nor a specific vaccine at the time, various pharmaceutical companies—particularly Indian pharmaceutical companies—started developing an effective COVID-19 vaccine. There are many different types of vaccines, including those based on DNA, mRNA, R-DNA technology, proteins, and inactivated viruses-based vaccines. These vaccines are all made by an Indian pharmaceutical business. Following the development, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI), the Food and Drug Administration, and the WHO approved the use of the vaccine for clinical trials and emergencies. After three trials, an Indian-made vaccine shows high efficacy. The fundamental function of the vaccine is to activate CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells and trigger B-cell clone growth. Lead cytogeneses IL-5 and IL-4 promote IgG antibodies, which strengthen our protection against COVID-19 and its variations.
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