A Systematic Review on the Use of Different Therapeutic Agents to Control Dengue Virus & other Associated Symptoms

Abstract

Dengue is an infectious viral disease transmitted by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. Signs and symptoms associated with dengue vary with the severity of the disease. The present study aims to inquire about different therapeutic strategies used for the treatment of dengue. We investigated the effectiveness of different remedies such as fluid treatment, immunological treatment, antiviral treatment, herbal treatment, plant extract, and vaccines. Our review examines some of the published articles and studies on these strategies. Google Scholar, Web of Science, and other library databases were searched for relevant articles on the nature of dengue fever, the transmission of dengue virus, a possible mechanism of action of papaya, antiviral agents, vaccines, immunological treatment, and plant extracts. Fluids were found to be effective in the maintenance of normal blood volume. C. papaya leaf extract and capsules are effective in decreasing thrombocytopenia associated with dengue fever, increasing WBCs, RBCs and stabilizing normal hematocrit levels and other effects. Anti-viral agents play a role in inhibiting the process of activity of dengue viruses by inhibiting them at different levels e.g. translation, replication, etc. Different vaccines are developed for the prevention of dengue fever, but there is one vaccine that is licensed in some particular countries where dengue is originating. Vaccines having different efficiencies and safety against all dengue virus strains are under the process of development in various institutes.