A Systematic Review on Implications of Biophilic Design as a Salutogenic Approach to Wellness Tourism

Abstract

In today's configuration of urban lifestyles, health and well-being have a multi-faceted impact on human lives and have gradually influenced tourism trends. The prevalence of COVID-19 has affected both physical and mental well-being. In this context, health has emerged as a significant component of tourism. Existing literature divides health tourism into two distinct types, namely, medical and wellness tourism. The presence of direct and indirect strategies linking individuals to the natural environment have been known to impart restorative benefits and significantly contribute to human well-being. However, recognition of potential correlations between tourist rehabilitation and biophilic design as a salutogenic model is limited with respect to wellness tourism, resulting in a lack of guidance for architects and designers. This paper aims to summarize prevailing literature on health benefits of biophilic principles through a systematic literature review, followed by compilation of a comprehensive conceptual framework. The research shall aid as a reference in utilizing restorative implications of the human-nature relationship in planning and designing of wellness tourism projects in the Indian context.