Abstract
Background: There is greater dissatisfaction with health services by LGBT people compared to heterosexual and cisgender people and some of this is from lack of equality and diversity training for health professionals. Core training standards in sexual orientation for health professionals have been available since 2006. The purpose of this project is to systematically review educational materials for health and social care professionals in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues. Methods: A protocol was developed and searches conducted in six databases. Selection criteria: any studies reporting delivery or evaluation of UK education of health and/or social care professionals in LGBT issues, with no language or setting restrictions. Inclusions and data extraction were conducted in duplicate. Narrative synthesis of educational evaluations was used. Educational materials were assessed using thematic synthesis. Results: From the searches, 165 full papers were evaluated and 19 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Three were successful action-research projects in cancer services and in residential care. Sixteen sets of educational/training materials have been available since 2010. These varied in length, scope, target audience, and extent of development as classroom-ready materials. Conclusions: Despite the availability of appropriate training programmes for post-qualifying staff, recommendations to undertake training, best practice examples, and statements of good intent, LGBT people continue to report that they are experiencing discrimination or direct prejudice from health and/or social care services. Better training strategies using behaviour change techniques are needed.
Highlights
The recent survey of 108,100 lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people’s experiences of everyday life in the UK, published by the UK Government Equalities Office [1] found that in the preceding 12 months 40% of transgender respondents had had at least one negative experience of healthcare because of their gender identity and that 13% of cisgender respondents had had at least one negative experience of healthcare because of their sexual orientation
Sexual orientation could be defined by identity or behaviour
19 studies were included in the narrative synthesis, 3 in Group 1 and 16 in Group 2, see Figure 1 (PRISMA flow chart)
Summary
The recent survey of 108,100 lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people’s experiences of everyday life in the UK, published by the UK Government Equalities Office [1] found that in the preceding 12 months 40% of transgender respondents had had at least one negative experience of healthcare because of their gender identity and that 13% of cisgender respondents had had at least one negative experience of healthcare because of their sexual orientation This finding echoes that of a recent review of the literature in inequality among LGBT groups in the UK [2] which found greater dissatisfaction with health services by LGBT people compared to heterosexual and cisgender people. Core training standards in sexual orientation for health professionals have been available since 2006 The purpose of this project is to systematically review educational materials for health and social care professionals in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT). Selection criteria: any studies reporting delivery or evaluation of UK education of health and/or social care professionals in LGBT issues, with no language or setting restrictions.
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