Abstract
Due to urbanization, large portions of vegetated territory have been replaced by waterproof surfaces. The consequences are greater outflows, lower infiltration, and lower evapotranspiration. Pavement systems made with permeable surfaces allow the infiltration of water, ensuring reduction of runoff volume. In this paper, the methods of analysis of the hydrological and environmental performance of the pavement systems are reviewed in the context of urban drainage and regarding their durability. The purpose is to present an overview of the studies published during the last decade in the field. The Pubmed and Web Science Core Collection electronic databases were used to conduct the scientific literature survey. This generated 1238 papers, of which only 17 met the criteria and were included and discussed in this review. The evidence drawn from the knowledge on which the document is based provides useful critical interpretations of existing studies to progress the current understanding on hydrological performance and environment impacts in terms of conventional pollutant removal efficiency and the current permeable pavement systems.
Highlights
In order to fully define the hydrological characteristics of a Permeable pavement systems (PPS), it should be monitored in a series of specific conditions such as in storm events of varying intensity and duration and in different antecedent and seasonally variable conditions
Studies conducted on the same aspect and on the same type of PP provide completely different results
In many cases, the results of the studies conducted are discordant with those expected and with studies conducted on the same aspect and on the same type of PP, which often provide completely different results
Summary
A critical design objective for urban rainwater management is the protection of flow paths and natural water balances Achieving this goal is aimed at preventing and mitigating disruptions in natural processes, which in turn contributes to making flow systems unhealthy. An increasingly accepted approach to address the challenges of stormwater design and management is the implementation of so-called LID (low impact development). This represents a design philosophy that encompasses planning methods and rainwater-management technologies in order to reduce as much as possible the negative impacts deriving from urban rainwater, such as the degradation of the quality of underground and surface water, the loss of recharge and aquatic biodiversity, floods, and erosion [1,2]. Particular attention must be paid to the discharge of excess nutrients into water bodies as they cause
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