Abstract

A summary of factors associated with recurrent tuberculosis (TB) in the African HIV-infected population is lacking. We performed a systematic review to address this. We performed a literature search within PubMed and The WHO Global Library with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify manuscripts emanating from the African continent which potentially described factors associated with recurrent TB in persons living with HIV. The literature search yielded 52 unique manuscripts, of which only 4 manuscripts were included in the final systematic review following application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline CD4 count, baseline HIV viral load, a positive tuberculin skin test, prior active TB disease, cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to treatment, having < 3 lung zones affected by prior TB disease, and anaemia were associated with recurrent TB in HIV-infected individuals, whilst age and antiretroviral status were not. The lack of studies describing recurrent TB in Africa which stratify results by HIV-status is a hindrance to understanding risk factors for recurrent TB in this population. This might be overcome by implementing guidelines related to the publishing of data from observational studies in peer-reviewed medical journals reporting recurrent TB in populations with a high-burden of HIV infection.

Highlights

  • A summary of factors associated with recurrent tuberculosis (TB) in the African HIV-infected population is lacking

  • This “recurrent” TB infection might be due The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic reto 1) a newly acquired infection with Mycobacterium view of the published literature in order to identify adtuberculosis following prior successful treatment for ditional risk factors for recurrent TB infection in people active TB disease, or 2) activation of latent M. tubercu- living with HIV/AIDS in Africa

  • Inclusion Criteria Original manuscripts published in English in peer reviewed journals Research conducted in Africa Studies reporting risk factors for recurrent TB in people living with HIV/AIDS Studies conducted in the general population

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Summary

Introduction

A summary of factors associated with recurrent tuberculosis (TB) in the African HIV-infected population is lacking. Methods: We performed a literature search within PubMed and The WHO Global Library with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify manuscripts emanating from the African continent which potentially described factors associated with recurrent TB in persons living with HIV. Conclusion: The lack of studies describing recurrent TB in Africa which stratify results by HIV-status is a hindrance to understanding risk factors for recurrent TB in this population. This might be overcome by implementing guidelines related to the publishing of data from observational studies in peer-reviewed medical journals reporting recurrent TB in populations with a high-burden of HIV infection. A systematic review of published literature describing factors associated with tuberculosis recurrence in people living with HIV in Africa.

Objectives
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Results

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