Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of global cancer mortality. Most GC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and show extremely poor prognosis. All of the GC research has a common interest to search for the specific and sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis of GC. Number of microRNAs play important role in GC. We carried out a systematic review of published miRNA profiling studies that compared the miRNA expression profiles between GC tissues and paired noncancerous gastric tissue. A vote-counting strategy was followed with the collection of information like total number of studies reporting differential expression of miRNA, total number of tissue samples used in the studies, direction of differential expression and fold change. A total of 352 differentially expressed microRNAs were reported in the 14 microRNA expression profiling studies that compared GC tissues with normal tissues with 120 microRNAs reported at least in two studies. In the group of consistently reported microRNAs, miR-21 was reported upregulated in 10 studies followed by miR-25, miR-92, and miR-223 upregulated in eight studies. MiR-375 and miR-148a were found downregulated in six and five studies, respectively, followed by miR-638 in four studies. MiR-107 and miR-103 were reported in nine and eight studies, respectively, but their expression were inconsistent. From this study, the most consistently reported upregulated microRNA was found to be miR-21. This systematic review study of human GC microRNA expression profiling studies would provide information on microRNAs with potential role as the biomarkers in gastric cancer.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide
These studies show the different platforms as well as various statistical and biocomputational analyses had been used for the microRNA expression profiling
Vote counting is the most intuitive and simplest method for combining results from different studies to discover the patterns among those results
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. About one million new cases per year of GC were estimated to have occurred [1]. GC is diagnosed at advanced stage accompanied by extensive invasion and lymphatic metastasis [2]. Early detection of GC is a key measure to reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis of gastric cancer. Recent studies on diagnostic techniques and peri-operative management have increased the early detection of GC and decreased the mortality [3, 4]. It is very important to increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic markers and/or methods for the treatment and prevention of GC [5]
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