Abstract
The world population growth is increasing the demand for food production. Furthermore, the reduction of the workforce in rural areas and the increase in production costs are challenges for food production nowadays. Smart farming is a farm management concept that may use Internet of Things (IoT) to overcome the current challenges of food production. This work uses the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) methodology to systematically review the existing literature on smart farming with IoT. The review aims to identify the main devices, platforms, network protocols, processing data technologies and the applicability of smart farming with IoT to agriculture. The review shows an evolution in the way data is processed in recent years. Traditional approaches mostly used data in a reactive manner. In more recent approaches, however, new technological developments allowed the use of data to prevent crop problems and to improve the accuracy of crop diagnosis.
Highlights
The challenge of food production in the 21st century is an increasingly relevant theme as population growth increases year after year
This review contributes to the existent literature by reporting a change in the treatment of data in recent works: while previous work showed that the majority of decision support systems used simple processing mechanisms to handle data collected in real-time, more recent work showed an increasing number of management systems that use complementary technologies that rely on cloud and big data computing for processing large amounts of data
This work presented a systematic review of the state-of-the-art of internet of things (IoT) adoption in smart agriculture and identified the main components and applicability of IoT solutions
Summary
The challenge of food production in the 21st century is an increasingly relevant theme as population growth increases year after year. Smart farming is a new farm management concept that employs techniques and technologies at various levels and scales of agricultural production, enabling to overcome the challenges in food production demands and reduction in the workforce [3,4]. For example smart farming may use different types of sensors to collect data (e.g., temperature, humidity, light, pressure, presence, etc.), communication networks to send and receive data which is managed and analyzed by management information systems and data analysis solutions [5]. This system of interconnected devices is commonly referred to as internet of things (IoT) [6]. The use of the data provided by smart farming helps boosting productivity and minimizing waste by allowing necessary actions to be carried out at the right time, quantity and place [7]
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