A Systematic Review: Family Support Integrated with Diabetes Self-Management among Uncontrolled Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Rian Pamungkas,Paranee Vatanasomboon,Kanittha Chamroonsawasdi

doi:10.3390/bs7030062

Rian Pamungkas, Paranee Vatanasomboon + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/bs7030062

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Abstract

The rate of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is dramatically increasing worldwide. Continuing diabetes mellitus (DM) care needs effective self-management education and support for both patients and family members. This study aimed to review and describe the impacts of diabetes mellitus self-management education (DSME) that involve family members on patient outcomes related to patient health behaviors and perceived self-efficacy on self-management such as medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, diet and exercise changes, health outcomes including psychological well-being and self-efficacy, and physiological markers including body mass index, level of blood pressure, cholesterol level and glycemic control. Three databases, PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus were reviewed for relevant articles. The search terms were “type 2 diabetes,” “self-management,” “diabetes self-management education (DSME),” “family support,” “social support,” and “uncontrolled glycaemia.” Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines were used to determine which studies to include in the review. Details of the family support components of DSME intervention and the impacts of these interventions had on improving the health outcomes patients with uncontrolled glycaemia patients. A total of 22 intervention studies were identified. These studies involved different DSME strategies, different components of family support provided, and different health outcomes to be measured among T2D patients. Overall, family support had a positive impact on healthy diet, increased perceived support, higher self-efficacy, improved psychological well-being and better glycemic control. This systematic review found evidence that DSME with family support improved self-management behaviors and health outcomes among uncontrolled glycaemia T2D patients. The findings suggest DSME models that include family engagement can be a useful direction for improving diabetes care.

Highlights

Worldwide prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) is steadily increasing
This review described the impact of family involvement in diabetes self-management education (DSME) among patients with uncontrolled glycaemia
We conducted a systematic review of 23 existing studies related to the impact of DSME involving the family as a fundamental source of social support on self-management among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients between

Summary

Introduction

Worldwide prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) is steadily increasing. In 2014, the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) (2014) estimated that 422 million people have been diagnosed with DM globally [1]. Worldwide prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) is steadily increasing. Health Organization (WHO) (2014) estimated that 422 million people have been diagnosed with DM globally [1]. In the Asian region, the estimated percentage of T2D could be more than 60% of people by 2030 [2]. 14.3% of the total diabetes patients meet the target goals for good glycemic control while a staggering 85.7% fail to meet target goals of glycemic control as measured by Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level [3]. The HbA1c level is a commonly used for glycemic control among T2D patients. It is an endocrine test averaging blood sugar concentrations over the previous three months [4]. HbA1c levels greater than 7% are considered uncontrolled glycaemia [5]

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