Abstract
ObjectivesNumerous studies have reported that lipid metabolic abnormalities may play an important role in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD), with mixed results. This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess the relationship between serum cholesterol or triglyceride and the PD risk and to further determine the role of dyslipidemia in potential predictive value.MethodsThis research systematically consulted and screened observational studies to evaluate the association of serum lipids with the risk of PD as of April 01, 2020 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two researchers screened and extracted the data independently. Then this article summarized the characteristics of all clinical studies and collected the corresponding data to perform pooled and sensitivity analyses. The meta-analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5.3 software after data extraction, quality assessment and analysis of publication bias.ResultsTwenty-one related studies (13 case-control and 8 cohort studies) were selected with a total of 980,180 subjects, including 11,188 PD patients. Meta-analysis showed that higher levels of serum triglyceride (S-TG) [standard mean different (SMD) = − 0.26 (95% confidence interval (CI): − 0.39 to − 0.13, p<0.00001), relative risk (RR) = 0.67 (95% CI: 0.60 to 0.75, p<0.00001)] could be considered as protective factors for the pathogenesis of PD. However, there was no significant association between serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (S-HDL) and the risk of PD. Meanwhile, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (S-LDL) [SMD = -0.26 (95% CI: − 0.43 to − 0.07, p = 0.006), RR = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.59 to 0.97, p = 0.03)] and serum total cholesterol (S-TC) levels [SMD = -0.21 (95% CI: − 0.33 to − 0.10, p = 0.0002), RR = 0.86 (95% CI: 0.77 to 0.97, p = 0.01)] were negatively associated with PD risk.ConclusionsThis systematic review suggests that elevated serum levels of TG, LDL and TC may be protective factors for the pathogenesis of PD. Further longitudinal and well-designed prospective studies with a large sample size are needed to confirm the findings in this meta-analysis.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, with a total of 5 million cases worldwide
Studies have shown that higher serum cholesterol concentrations are beneficial for slowing clinical progression and significantly reducing the risk of PD, while lower LDL concentrations may increase the incidence of PD [8, 9]
All data was analyzed by using Stata version 14 and Review Manager 5.3. Search results These searches returned 284 records, of which 241 were excluded as irrelevant based on the reading of the title and abstract
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, with a total of 5 million cases worldwide. With the aging of the population, PD cases are expected to double in the two decades [1]. Accelerated loss of dopaminergic neurons may be the result of high-fat diets caused by neurotoxins in PD [6]. Another prospective study [7] showed that high cholesterol intake was associated with a reduced risk of PD. Studies have shown that higher serum cholesterol concentrations are beneficial for slowing clinical progression and significantly reducing the risk of PD, while lower LDL concentrations may increase the incidence of PD [8, 9]. Some studies have confirmed that the neuroprotective effect of high levels of cholesterol may reduce and delay the onset of PD [12]
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