A Systematic Investigation of Trigonelline, Diosgenin, Protodioscin, and Dioscin from Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek seeds) has Anti-cancer and Antioxidant Properties Without Side Effects

Abstract

Systematic review and meta-analysis criteria were used to plan and conduct this systematic review (PRISMA). Different literature of reviews explicit that Fibers, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and saponins are the principal chemical components of Trigonella foenum-graecum. Some of the components may have mitogenic actions, which result in immune-competent cells being restored. Some of these ingredients are also antioxidants and may have immune-stimulant characteristics. In vitro, the extract from the seeds of the fenugreek seed was found to be cytotoxic to numerous cancers, including T-cell lymphoma, but not to normal cells. Breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer cell lines showed growth inhibition after being treated with a specific amount of the extract. Diosgenin suppressed MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, according to in vitro tests. Diosgenin's effect on a human mammary carcinoma cell line, as well as its therapeutic potential for N-nitroso-N-methyl urea-induced breast cancer. Fenugreek extracts and their isolated constituents have been revealed to have anti-cancer activities in several investigations. Trigonelline, Diosgenin, Protodioscin, and Dioscin were found to be the most potent anticancer ingredients in fenugreek. Furthermore, fenugreek seeds are high in many essential chemicals, which show asignificant role in the suppression and inhibition of various malignancies. In addition, studies on the estrogenic effects of fenugreek seeds in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated its potential as an HRT alternative.