Abstract
With the increasing connectivity of modern vehicles, protecting systems from attacks on cyber is becoming crucial and urgent. Meanwhile, a vehicle should guarantee a safe and comfortable trip for users. Therefore, how to design a cybersecurity-critical system in vehicles with safety and user experience (UX) considerations is increasingly essential. However, most co-design methods focus on safety engineering with attack concerns and do not discuss conflicts and integration, and few contain the UX aspect. Besides, most existing approaches are abstract at a high level without practical guidelines. This paper presents a literature review of existing safety and security design approaches and proposes a systematic approach for cybersecurity design of in-vehicle network systems based on the guideline in SAE J3061. The trade-off analysis is performed by using association keys and the proposed affecting map. The design process of an example Diagnostic on Internet Protocol (DoIP) system is reported to show how the approach works. Compared with the existing approaches, the proposed one considers safety, cybersecurity, and UX simultaneously, solves conflicts qualitatively or quantitatively, and obtains trade-off design requirements. This approach is applicable to the cybersecurity-driven design of in-vehicle network systems in the early stage with safety and UX considerations.
Highlights
Cybersecurity is an essential attribute of in-vehicle network systems
Hackers may get unauthorized access into a system to eavesdrop and tamper with data, which may cause privacy issues, safety accidents, or even disasters. erefore, cybersecurity design should be conducted for in-vehicle security-critical systems
Safety, cybersecurity, and user experience (UX) design are normally designed by different teams separately, which results in possible conflicts in different dimensions
Summary
Cybersecurity is an essential attribute of in-vehicle network systems. Functions like x-by-wire and autonomous driving applications in modern vehicles largely depend on the signal transmitting in communications systems. Due to the increasing number of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) innovations, more interfaces to the external world raise attack probabilities of in-vehicle systems. The rising system complexity makes it more difficult to design a secure system with few vulnerabilities. Erefore, cybersecurity design should be conducted for in-vehicle security-critical systems. Safety, cybersecurity, and UX design are normally designed by different teams separately, which results in possible conflicts in different dimensions. A complex encryption mechanism enhances the confidentiality of the data and increases the delay and may result in a belated emergency reaction of the vehicle. Erefore, a tradeoff design is necessary to solve possible interferences and figure out an optimized solution A complex encryption mechanism enhances the confidentiality of the data and increases the delay and may result in a belated emergency reaction of the vehicle. e slow processing speed of some interactive functions may lead to users’ complains, which affect the reputation and incomes of manufactures. erefore, a tradeoff design is necessary to solve possible interferences and figure out an optimized solution
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