Abstract
The future of quick and efficient disease diagnosis lays in the development of reliable non-invasive methods. As for the cardiac diseases – one of the major causes of death around the globe – a concept of an electronic stethoscope equipped with an automatic heart tone identification system appears to be the best solution. Thanks to the advancement in technology, the quality of phonocardiography signals is no longer an issue. However, appropriate algorithms for auto-diagnosis systems of heart diseases that could be capable of distinguishing most of known pathological states have not been yet developed. The main issue is non-stationary character of phonocardiography signals as well as a wide range of distinguishable pathological heart sounds. In this paper a new heart sound classification technique, which might find use in medical diagnostic systems, is presented. It is shown that by combining Linear Predictive Coding coefficients, used for future extraction, with a classifier built upon combining Support Vector Machine and Modified Cuckoo Search algorithm, an improvement in performance of the diagnostic system, in terms of accuracy, complexity and range of distinguishable heart sounds, can be made. The developed system achieved accuracy above 93% for all considered cases including simultaneous identification of twelve different heart sound classes. The respective system is compared with four different major classification methods, proving its reliability.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases are the single leading cause of death worldwide
Because of a fast life pace, the development of non-invasive auto-diagnostic systems, that would allow to carry out a preliminary medical examination at home without doctor participation, becomes the subject of research for many scientists
Despite its simplicity and ease of implementation, it is rarely used for cardiac diagnosis mainly due to the lack of reasonable solutions, that could allow to unambiguously interpret the results. This technique belongs to a group of methods whose development is needed in self-analysis systems
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases are the single leading cause of death worldwide. An estimated 17.3 million people died in 2008 and the number is projected to reach 23.3 million by 2030 [1]. One of the methods that meets all the standards is phonocardiography (PCG), defined as monitoring of the human circulatory system by registering biomechanical activity of the heart. This technique belongs to a group of methods whose development is needed in self-analysis systems (such as smart stethoscopes). The need to develop efficient methods for selfdiagnosis is emphasized in the context of long and lonely expeditions, such as marine, polar, space, etc. This kind of solution would allow one for an early detection of pathological health states and commencement of appropriate life saving actions
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