Abstract
Academic entrepreneurship (AE) models have enhanced the ability of scholars to delineate elements and relationships that are consistent with entrepreneurial activities. However, previous research has not focused on the dynamic feedback loops within AE. Prior models have seldom included feedback obtained from interrupted or implemented activities integrated with individual, organizational, and strategic variables. This paper proposes a model of AE from the perspective of system dynamics that seeks to explore key features of this complex process within the boundaries of a spinoff company. To achieve this goal, we developed a framework that includes four main phases: recognition, commitment, credibility, and sustainability. The model examines and analyzes the key role of innovative academic entrepreneurship during each stage. Feedback loops provide the link between strategic assessment and entrepreneurial renewal according to which AE integrates entrepreneurial and strategic efforts. Combining various perspectives from the previous literature, the proposed model can be activated from any point during the process. By introducing a system dynamics context for the model, this research expands upon the thinking of prior AE research. In practical application, our proposed framework provides insights into the feedback loops and other complexities of the AE process that academic entrepreneurs can apply to support the transfer of innovations in science and technology from academia to commercial settings.
Highlights
Since the 1980s, the combination of emerging scientific fields and changes to funding policies has expanded the traditional relationship between academia and industry to include the transfer of technology from universities to commercial settings [1,2,3]
Our proposed model enhances the understanding of the occurrence of Academic entrepreneurship (AE) and the dynamic complexity of relationships that are an inherent part of its activities, with the purpose of obtaining a way to strengthen academic entrepreneurship
Academic entrepreneurship (AE) models have enriched the ability of scholars to characterize the elements and relationships that are consistent with entrepreneurial activities
Summary
Since the 1980s, the combination of emerging scientific fields and changes to funding policies has expanded the traditional relationship between academia and industry to include the transfer of technology from universities to commercial settings [1,2,3]. Jain et al (2009) [4] found that organized entrepreneurial activities have become an important catalyst for the transfer of university technology from laboratories to commercial markets, giving rise to the emergence of academic entrepreneurship. Scholars have argued that interactions among these four activities are nonlinear and include recurring simultaneous cycles This dynamic complexity constitutes the backbone of the AE process. In this research, we developed a dynamic framework, based on the integration of prior theoretical arguments and knowledge, aimed at offering improved understanding of the AE commercialization process. Our proposed model enhances the understanding of the occurrence of AE and the dynamic complexity of relationships that are an inherent part of its activities, with the purpose of obtaining a way to strengthen academic entrepreneurship.
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