A Synergy Analysis of Synthetic Inertia and Speed Controllers on Variable Speed Wind Turbines

Abstract

This paper presents a critical analysis of interaction between synthetic inertia and speed controllers on variable speed wind turbines. A microgrid model was implemented on simulation comprehending a hydro power plant with primary frequency control and a wind turbine with synthetic inertia and droop controllers using kinetic energy extraction technique. It was analyzed the impacts of frequency regulation by the wind turbine on its rotor speed and electrical active power, and evaluated the grid frequency deviation and rate of change. Results show that the parameterization of speed control in consonance with synthetic inertia control leads to smoother rotor speed responses. In addition, the analysis of wind speed variation demonstrates the synergy relationship of these controllers. It is verified that optimal kinetic energy extraction is also related to wind dynamic behavior and coordinated controllers’ responses, and the most significant impacts on performance were observed when wind variations occurred after load disturbance.