Abstract
Recent studies have shown that mobile sink can be a solution to solve the problem that energy consumption of sensor nodes is not balanced in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Caused by the sink mobility, the paths between the sensor nodes and the sink change frequently and have profound influence on the lifetime of WSN. It is necessary to design a protocol that can find efficient routings between the mobile sink and nodes but does not consume too many network resources. In this paper, we propose a swarm intelligent algorithm based route maintaining protocol to resolve this issue. The protocol utilizes the concentric ring mechanism to guide the route researching direction and adopts the optimal routing selection to maintain the data delivery route in mobile sink WSN. Using the immune based artificial bee colony (IABC) algorithm to optimize the forwarding path, the routing maintaining protocol could find an alternative routing path quickly and efficiently when the coordinate of sink is changed in WSN. The results of our extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed route maintaining protocol is able to balance the network traffic load and prolong the network lifetime.
Highlights
Introduction and Related WorkWireless sensor network (WSN) is an intelligent monitoring self-organized network consisting of many microsensor nodes with the capabilities of communication, sensing, and computing deployed inside or around the monitoring area
We propose a swarm intelligent algorithm optimized route maintaining protocol to optimize the routing path of the mobile sink WSN (MSWSN), and this optimization algorithm would converge to the optimal resolution of the path
The contributions of this paper are different from the literatures [8, 13], though the network models of them are all the WSNs with mobile sink: (1) The routing mechanism is different, we provide concentric ring mechanism to detect the relative distance and direction of each node to the mobile sink, in order to efficiently guide the route researching direction from source node to the sink, comparing to the routing researching mechanism without direction guidance in [13] and another different routing mechanism in [8]
Summary
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an intelligent monitoring self-organized network consisting of many microsensor nodes with the capabilities of communication, sensing, and computing deployed inside or around the monitoring area. It has broad application prospects and great application value in industrial and agricultural control, urban management, environmental testing, hazardous area remote control, and other fields. The sensor nodes can take turns to become the neighbors of the sink due to the sink mobility in a controlled manner, so the energy is consumed evenly among the nodes. It has been demonstrated that a mobile sink can potentially prolong the network’s lifetime as the mobile sink would cause the sensor nodes to consume less energy [6]
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