Abstract
In this paper, more efficient allocation of forces is analyzed in the future air confrontation among unmanned aerial vehicle swarms. A novel method is proposed for swarm confrontation based on the Lanchester law and Nash equilibrium. Due to the huge number of unmanned aerial vehicles, it is not beneficial to deploy UAV forces in swarm confrontation. Moreover, unmanned aerial vehicles do not have high maneuverability in collaboration. Therefore, we propose to divide the swarms of unmanned aerial vehicles into groups, so that swarms of both sides can fight in different battlefields, which could be considered as a Colonel Blotto Game. Inspired by the double oracle algorithm, a Nash equilibrium solving method is proposed to searched for the best force allocation of the swarm confrontation. In addition, this paper proposes the concept of the boundary contact rate and carries out quantitative numerical analysis with the Lanchester law. Experiments reveal the relationship between the boundary contact rate and the optimal strategy of swarm confrontation, which could guide the force allocation in future swarm confrontation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the division method and the double oracle-based equilibrium solving algorithm proposed in this paper is verified.
Highlights
With the continuous improvement of current unmanned aerial vehicles’ (UAVs) communication technology, endurance and anti-jamming capability, it is possible for UAV swarms to perform tasks of saturation attacks
We introduce the concept of approximate Nash equilibrium, and propose an equilibrium solving method based on the DO algorithm that can solve the equilibrium of the game more efficiently
All the points and their weights formed an equilibrium of the UAV swarm confrontation
Summary
With the continuous improvement of current unmanned aerial vehicles’ (UAVs) communication technology, endurance and anti-jamming capability, it is possible for UAV swarms to perform tasks of saturation attacks. UAV swarm confrontation is likely to be a new operation mode in the future. As far as we know, in terms of defending against swarm attacks by UAVs, there are several options, including missiles, anti-aircraft artillery, laser weapons [1] and electronic countermeasures (ECM) [2]. The cost of missile defense is too expensive, and the anti-aircraft artillery and laser energy weapons are unaffordable. When dealing with a UAV swarm with strong self-organization ability, the ECM are not completely reliable. Using a UAV swarm to fight another UAV swarm is full of potential. The swarm confrontation between UAV swarms has practical significance
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