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Abstract
The Micro-Phasor Measurement Unit ( μ PMU) or distribution-level PMU (D-PMU) is a measurement device that measures the synchronized voltage and current values of electric power distribution networks. The synchronized data obtained by μ PMUs can be used for monitoring, diagnostic, and control distribution network applications, so that operators can understand the dynamic states of the distribution network in real-time. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art μ PMU research which includes a list of μ PMU applications, monitoring and diagnostic functions, control applications, and optimal placement of the μ PMU. In addition, we analyze the benefits of μ PMUs in distribution networks; in particular, their reliability and resiliency, cost savings, and environmental and policy benefits.
Highlights
The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), including renewables, electric vehicles (EVs), and demand response, in distribution networks has increased considerably and has changed the network load profile and configuration [1]
The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive survey of μPMU related research in distribution networks
The μPMU is expected to be essential for future distribution networks because many distributed energy resources (DERs) are integrated into the networks
Summary
The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), including renewables, electric vehicles (EVs), and demand response, in distribution networks has increased considerably and has changed the network load profile and configuration [1] This complex interaction may cause great uncertainties, and even bidirectional power flow in the distribution network, which makes the supervision and operation of distribution networks more complicated [2]. The SCADA system receives data from conventional measurement devices, called remote terminal units (RTUs), installed in dispersed locations of the power system [3]. It records unsynchronized voltage, current magnitude, and real and reactive power flow with low resolution, i.e., a couple of seconds [4]. The SCADA system cannot capture the dynamic behavior of the current distribution network [5]
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