Abstract
Internet of things IoT is playing a remarkable role in the advancement of many fields such as healthcare, smart grids, supply chain management, etc. It also eases people’s daily lives and enhances their interaction with each other as well as with their surroundings and the environment in a broader scope. IoT performs this role utilizing devices and sensors of different shapes and sizes ranging from small embedded sensors and wearable devices all the way to automated systems. However, IoT networks are growing in size, complexity, and number of connected devices. As a result, many challenges and problems arise such as security, authenticity, reliability, and scalability. Based on that and taking into account the anticipated evolution of the IoT, it is extremely vital not only to maintain but to increase confidence in and reliance on IoT systems by tackling the aforementioned issues. The emergence of blockchain opened the door to solve some challenges related to IoT networks. Blockchain characteristics such as security, transparency, reliability, and traceability make it the perfect candidate to improve IoT systems, solve their problems, and support their future expansion. This paper demonstrates the major challenges facing IoT systems and blockchain’s proposed role in solving them. It also evaluates the position of current researches in the field of merging blockchain with IoT networks and the latest implementation stages. Additionally, it discusses the issues related to the IoT-blockchain integration itself. Finally, this research proposes an architectural design to integrate IoT with blockchain in two layers using dew and cloudlet computing. Our aim is to benefit from blockchain features and services to guarantee a decentralized data storage and processing and address security and anonymity challenges and achieve transparency and efficient authentication service.
Highlights
In today’s digital world, advances and transformation in electronics, wireless communications, and networking technologies are rapid and remarkable
Internet of things (IoT) network is growing tremendously in terms of types of applications and number of devices. This created many challenges that need urgent solutions to enable exploiting the full potential of IoT in the future
None of the proposed studies was capable of solving most of the challenges nor exploring the full potential of blockchain to benefit from it in the IoT paradigm
Summary
In today’s digital world, advances and transformation in electronics, wireless communications, and networking technologies are rapid and remarkable. While this led to a distinguishable hype in the performance of wireless devices and sensors, leading to the emergence of the Internet of things (IoT), it resulted in a significant increase in the complexity of cloud services and structures, as well. IoT was facilitated by the capabilities of Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), in addition to advances in other devices to sense, communicate and actuate through existing network infrastructure [1]. Connected devices can exchange collected data, interact with each other, and remotely control objects across the Internet, possibly without human intervention. One can say that people have reached a better understanding of the world while the IoT enables more efficient interaction with it
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