Abstract
Concerns for spectrum congestion have spurred extensive research efforts on efficient spectrum management. Therefore, devising schemes for spectrum sharing between radar and wireless communication systems has become an important area of research. Joint communications-radar (JCR) systems are among the several approaches proposed to achieve this objective. In JCR systems, additional components and processes are added to an existing standardized communication platform to enable radar functions. Moreover, the communication waveform is used as an integrated JCR waveform, i.e., the same signal is used to communicate information to a receiver and to perform radar detection and estimation operations for a nearby target. The most common application of JCR systems is found in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication scenarios. In this article, an overview of the spectrum sharing methods is presented, with a focus on JCR systems in automotive and other applications. We first review the recent works on IEEE 802.11p- and IEEE 802.11ad-based radars. A basic description of the modeling of a JCR system and channels is presented, followed by discussions on the main components and processes employed in various JCR systems. We are mainly interested in how radar detection and estimation functions are performed in conjunction with the communication receiver functions with minimal alterations to the existing system. At the end of the paper, some performance trade-offs between the communication and radar sub-systems are also discussed.
Highlights
Codesign can be further classified into the following types: 1) Joint Radar-Communications (JRC) (Hassanien et al, 2019), which implements communication as a secondary function on a radar platform, 2) Joint Communication-Radar (JCR) (Kumari et al, 2017a), which implements secondary radar functions on a standardized communication system, and 3) a unified system that does not favor one or the other by default, rather adapts according to the application requirements (Petrov et al, 2019)
The IEEE 802.11p standard is a V2V physical layer protocol. It is adapted from the IEEE 802.11a standard for transmitting data in a geographic specific Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) band using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (Kihei et al, 2015)
It is assumed that the channel remains invariant, the acceleration is small enough that constant velocity of the target vehicle can be assumed and the direction of target with respect to the source remains constant, so that fTx is constant within the coherent processing interval (CPI)
Summary
Devising schemes for spectrum sharing between radar and wireless communication systems has become an important area of research. In JCR systems, additional components and processes are added to an existing standardized communication platform to enable radar functions. The communication waveform is used as an integrated JCR waveform, i.e., the same signal is used to communicate information to a receiver and to perform radar detection and estimation operations for a nearby target. An overview of the spectrum sharing methods is presented, with a focus on JCR systems in automotive and other applications. We are mainly interested in how radar detection and estimation functions are performed in conjunction with the communication receiver functions with minimal alterations to the existing system.
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