Abstract
Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been attracting great interest from research community, where data communication naturally does not require contemporaneous end-to-end connectivity. Although they are suffering from a large variation of network topology, numerous previous routing protocols proposed for DTNs still make effort to qualify delivery potential, via network topology information. Geographic routing is an alternative, conceptually, by relying on the geographic information instead of topological information. In the literature, since this technique branch has not been extensively investigated in DTNs, our paper identifies the motivation and challenges for applying geographic routing in DTNs with the state of the art. Also, we highlight the future research directions for this branch.
Highlights
Originated from Interplanetary Networks (IPNs), the Delay/ Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) [1] architecture is suitable for a variety of Intermittently Connected Networks (ICNs) (the term Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) is used exchangeably), where there is no contemporaneous end-to-end path towards destination during most of the time, due to the large variation of network topology and sparse network density
It is highlighted that routing in DTNs relies on the SCF behavior arising from nodal mobility to asymmetrically relay the message, rather than that in Mobile Ad Hoc NETworks (MANETs) [2] requiring the contemporaneous end-to-end connectivity
Conventional geographic routing protocols in MANETs rely on the high network density, which is infeasible in DTNs because there are insufficient number of encountered nodes to help in handling this problem
Summary
Originated from Interplanetary Networks (IPNs), the Delay/ Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) [1] architecture is suitable for a variety of Intermittently Connected Networks (ICNs) (the term Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) is used exchangeably), where there is no contemporaneous end-to-end path towards destination during most of the time, due to the large variation of network topology and sparse network density. It is highlighted that routing in DTNs relies on the SCF behavior arising from nodal mobility to asymmetrically relay the message, rather than that in Mobile Ad Hoc NETworks (MANETs) [2] requiring the contemporaneous end-to-end connectivity. Note that since the design of routing protocols in DTNs is application specific, we focus on terrestrial scenarios of DTNs because geographic routing [12] is mainly applied for mobile networks. According to literature [3], we observe that previous routing protocols in DTNs, mainly, have adopted historically topological information to predict the future encounter opportunity. The focus of this paper is to highlight the research vision and potential for applying geographic routing in DTNs, which. (ii) To provide an up-to-date review on well known geographic routing protocols in DTNs, following our original technique taxonomy. (iii) To highlight potential future directions leading the ongoing research in this explicit field
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