A Survey on EMG Biofeedback System

Abstract

In this paper describe a new technology of placing electrodes on user's muscle recording the electrical activity which is called as electromyography. EMG is an instrument that recording the electrical activity of the muscles. It is a diagnostic procedure to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them. In this paper reviews relating to the biofeedback used in physical rehabilitation. The physiological systems of the body which can be measured to provide biofeedback are the musculoskeletal system. EMG biofeedback useful in both musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation EMG (Electromyography) is an instrument for measuring the electrical activity of the muscles. An EMG is a physiological parameter that measures the conducting function of nerves. When muscles are active, they produce an electrical current. The current is usually proportional to the level of the muscle activity. An EMG is also referred to as myogram.The EMG signal is a biomedical signal that measures electrical current generated in muscles during its contraction representing neuromuscular activities. The EMG signal recorded can be significantly affected by physiological parameters muscle, temperature, muscle cross section area and length. The EMG signal analysis is in clinical diagnosis and biomedical application. EMG biofeedback is the process of measuring and transforming the physiological information from muscle into visual and audio signals. The EMG biofeedback training is to realize the risk of overloading working related to muscle pain (5). EMG can be used to detect abnormal electrical activity of muscles. The EMG can also be used to detect weakness as opposed to weakness from reduced use because of pain or lack of motivation. It can also be used to isolate the level of nerve irritation or injury. EMG uses surface electrode to detect a change in skeletal muscle activity, which is then fed back to the user usually by a auditory signal and visual signal. The EMG electrodes are surface electrode and needle electrodes are used. Surface electrodes which detect small voltage changes which arise from the working muscles. The electrode gel helps in converting the biological signals to electrical signals needed by the machine, and will also help to reduce some noise. Needle electrodes are widely used in clinical procedures in neuromuscular evaluations. The needle electrode is placed on the skin in to the muscle. The electrical activity is detected by this needle. The EMG biofeedback can be used to increase activity in weak or paretic muscle or it can be used to facilitate a reduction in tone is a spastic one. It has been shown to be useful in both musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation.